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IntroductionThe following steps are performed after OS installation, before a specific ROLE is configured. Cloud Variants
System UpdateUpdate the system to the newest patch release and install basic packages. Note, if this fails due to a proxy server being present, skip this step and create the jtel user first. Then configure the proxy as shown here. Note, as most machines require the mysql connector, it is installed directly here.
If a new kernel is installed, then a reboot is required.
Mandatory Stepsjtel UserCreate jtel UserCreate the jtel user, and add to the group wheel, which allows the user to run commands with sudo.
Configure wheelThe following command creates a configuration file allowing all users who are members of the wheel group to run commands as root with sudo.
Warning when using git as rootThe following command makes it (intentionally) more difficult to use git as the root user.
Configure Chrony (NTP)Chrony is a newer (better) replacement for ntpd. It is configured in a similar way, however the commands used to check the synchronisation are slightly different. For further information, check out this link: https://opensource.com/article/18/12/manage-ntp-chrony Setup chronydThe following commands modify the basic chrony.conf file to remove usage of the default pool and any configured servers, and replace this with the 3 (very reliable) time servers from the German PTB.
Check chronyd
Remove Anacron, Install CronThe jtel system requires that cron jobs are performed at a particular time. jtel servers will usually run continuously. The anacron service (which is installed by default) may run a cron job later if the machine has been powered off. However, on a jtel system there is no point doing this, and sometimes this can be destructive. Therefore the anacron service is removed and replaced with the normal cron service.
Install Hypervisor ToolsThe hypervisor tools make support from the hypervisor console better, when performing operations such as snapshots, starting and stopping and resetting the virtual machine. It is important that the correct tools are installed.
Detect the Hypervisor
VMWareThe tools are installed as follows:
Hyper-V
Other HypervisorsConsult the manufacturer for further detals. Hosts FileThe jtel system uses aliases to reference the other machines in the installation. This removes all dependencies to cryptic host names, and customer DNS servers. The hosts file must be provided on each system, and should contain aliases pointing to the following machines (red entries are not required). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alias | Signifies | Single DB Installation | Master-Slave Installation | Redundant Master-Master Installation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-dbm | Database Master | The database machine. | The database master. | The Load Balancer Virtual Shared IP Address. | acd-dbm1 | First Database Master | The first database master. | acd-dbm2 | Second Database Master | The second database master. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-dbs | Database Slave | The database machine. | The database slave. | The Load Balancer Virtual Shared IP Address. | acd-dbs1 | First Database Slave | The first database slave. | acd-dbs2 | Second Database Slave | The second database slave. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-dbr | Reporting Database | The database machine. | The database slave. | The Load Balancer Virtual Shared IP Address. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-lb | The Load Balancer | The Load Balancer | The Load Balancer | The Load Balancer Virtual Shared IP Address. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-store | The File Storage | The Load Balancer | The Load Balancer | The Load Balancer Virtual Shared IP Address. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-tel1 | The Telephony Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Telephony Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Telephony Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Telephony Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
acd-jb1 | The Webserver Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Webserver Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Webserver Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | The Webserver Machine(s) Numbered from 1 ... N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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10.0.0.1 acd-lb
10.0.0.1 acd-store
10.0.0.11 acd-dbm
10.0.0.11 acd-dbs
10.0.0.11 acd-dbr
10.0.0.31 acd-tel1
10.0.0.41 acd-jb1
10.0.0.42 acd-jb2 |
Example Hosts File Master-Slave
Code Block |
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10.0.0.1 acd-lb
10.0.0.1 acd-store
10.0.0.11 acd-dbm
10.0.0.21 acd-dbs
10.0.0.21 acd-dbr
10.0.0.31 acd-tel1
10.0.0.41 acd-jb1
10.0.0.42 acd-jb2 |
Example Hosts File Redundant
Prepare the hosts file. See here for further details: Hosts File - All OS (CentOS8/Win2019).
Optional Steps
SSH Keys
SSH keys can be added, to enable login to the jtel user via an ssh key.
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Note, login by ssh key only must be enabled (this is not discussed here, and a word of caution - make sure you have recorded the root password before you do this so at least you can access the machine via the console).
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If a proxy server is used, the following commands will configure the proxy server for root and the jtel user. The top 5 lines should be modified.
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